What is ADHD?
ADHD — or Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder — is a neurodevelopmental condition that affects how a person:
- Pays attention
- Controls impulses
- Manages activity levels (hyperactivity)
It’s not about being “lazy” or “bad at focusing.” ADHD is linked to differences in how the brain works, especially in areas related to attention, motivation, and self-regulation.
Types of ADHD
ADHD can look different from person to person. There are three main types:
- Inattentive Type – Difficulty focusing, following instructions, or staying organized
- Hyperactive-Impulsive Type – Constant movement, restlessness, acting without thinking
- Combined Type – A mix of inattentiveness and hyperactivity/impulsivity
Key Characteristics
People with ADHD may:
- Be easily distracted or forgetful
- Have trouble finishing tasks or following through
- Interrupt or talk excessively
- Fidget, squirm, or feel restless
- Struggle with time management and organization
- Daydream or appear to not listen
When Does It Appear?
- Symptoms often appear before age 12, sometimes as early as preschool
- ADHD can continue into adolescence and adulthood
- It affects both boys and girls, though boys are often diagnosed more frequently
Causes
ADHD is believed to be caused by a combination of:
- Genetic factors (it often runs in families)
- Brain structure and function differences
- Possible environmental influences during pregnancy or early development
🧠 It is not caused by sugar, bad parenting, or screen time — though these things might affect behavior, they do not cause ADHD.
Diagnosis
There is no single test. Diagnosis involves:
- Behavioral observations over time
- Input from parents, teachers, and caregivers
- Assessments by professionals like psychologists, pediatricians, or psychiatrists
Support & Strengths
People with ADHD often have amazing qualities, such as:
✅ High energy and enthusiasm
✅ Creativity and out-of-the-box thinking
✅ Strong problem-solving in fast-paced environments
✅ The ability to hyperfocus on topics of deep interest
They may benefit from support in:
- Planning and organizing
- Managing impulsive behavior
- Creating routines and structure
- Using tools like timers, reminders, and visual aids
Why Awareness Matters
ADHD is not a character flaw or a lack of effort. It’s a real condition that affects the way the brain works.
With understanding, support, and possibly treatment (like behavioral therapy, coaching, or medication), people with ADHD can thrive at school, work, and in life.