What is Cerebral Palsy?
Cerebral Palsy is a neurological condition that affects a person’s movement, muscle tone, and posture. It is caused by damage to the developing brain, usually before, during, or shortly after birth.
CP is not progressive — meaning it doesn’t get worse over time — but its effects can change as a child grows.
Key Characteristics
People with CP may experience:
- Muscle stiffness or floppiness (tight or weak muscles)
- Involuntary movements or tremors
- Difficulty with coordination and balance
- Delays in reaching motor milestones (like sitting or walking)
- Challenges with speech, eating, or swallowing
The symptoms can range from mild to severe, and may affect one limb, one side of the body, or the whole body.
Types of Cerebral Palsy
- Spastic CP – Stiff, tight muscles (most common type)
- Dyskinetic CP – Involuntary movements, twisting, or jerking
- Ataxic CP – Problems with balance and coordination
- Mixed CP – A combination of the above types
Causes
Cerebral Palsy is caused by damage to the brain’s motor control centers, often due to:
- Lack of oxygen during birth
- Premature birth or low birth weight
- Infections during pregnancy
- Brain injury in early childhood
- Genetic or unknown factors (in some cases)
Diagnosis
CP is usually diagnosed in early childhood through:
- Developmental screenings
- Physical and neurological exams
- Brain imaging (MRI, CT scan)
- Monitoring of motor skills and reflexes
Support & Treatment
There is no cure for CP, but with proper support, many people with CP can live full and meaningful lives.
Treatment may include:
- Physical therapy – to improve strength and movement
- Occupational therapy – to build daily living skills
- Speech therapy – to improve communication or swallowing
- Medications – to manage muscle stiffness or seizures
- Surgery – in some cases, to improve mobility or correct deformities
- Assistive devices – like braces, walkers, or communication aids
Strengths & Abilities
People with CP often develop:
✅ Strong problem-solving skills
✅ High levels of resilience and determination
✅ Unique ways to communicate and express themselves
✅ Diverse talents, creativity, and intelligence
Why Awareness Matters
Cerebral Palsy is not a disease or a mental illness. It’s a physical condition that affects movement — and not a reflection of intelligence or potential.
With early intervention, inclusive education, therapy, and social support, individuals with CP can thrive in school, work, and life.